In software development, what best describes the term 'maintenance'?

The term 'maintenance' in software development refers to the ongoing process that occurs after a software application has been deployed. This encompasses a variety of activities aimed at improving the product, fixing bugs, updating features, and ensuring that the software continues to meet user needs and operates effectively over time. Maintenance includes addressing any issues that arise post-deployment, implementing updates to enhance functionality, and adapting the software to new operating environments or standards.

This definition aligns precisely with option B, emphasizing the importance of continuous updates and bug fixes following the initial release of the software. It reflects the dynamic nature of software development, where changes and improvements are necessary to maintain relevance and performance.

The other choices represent different aspects of the software development life cycle. For example, describing maintenance as the end of the development process overlooks the continuity and active engagement required to support software after launch. Similarly, categorizing it as the initial step where requirements are gathered or the phase where coding occurs misplaces the term within the incorrect context of development phases that focus on creation rather than ongoing support and enhancement.