What type of network is created by partitioning a physical network and is entirely software-based?

A virtual network is created by partitioning a physical network and is entirely software-based. This type of network operates independently of the physical components, allowing for the creation of separate, isolated networks that can operate on the same infrastructure. Virtual networks enable better resource utilization, scalability, and flexibility. They are often used in environments where multiple users or applications need to be isolated from each other while sharing the same physical resources.

The other options refer to different concepts: a local area network (LAN) typically covers a smaller geographic area, like a single building or campus, and is not inherently virtual; a wide area network (WAN) connects larger geographic areas, often using physical infrastructure across cities or countries; and a cloud network refers to resources and services delivered over the internet, which may not specifically emphasize the software-based aspect of partitioning. Thus, virtual networks best fit the description of being entirely software-based and partitioning a physical network.