Which check verifies that the data is within a specified range?

The correct answer is indeed the range check. A range check is specifically designed to ensure that the data entered falls within a predetermined set of boundaries or limits. For instance, if a system requires a user to input an age, a range check could verify that the entered age falls between 0 and 120. This helps to prevent invalid data from being processed, ensuring that only values that make sense in a specific context are accepted.

In comparison, a presence check simply confirms that data has been entered, but it does not verify if that data is appropriate or valid within a specific range. A format check is used to ensure that data meets a specific format, such as a date being presented in the DD/MM/YYYY format, but it does not assess whether the value itself is logically acceptable (e.g., it could still indicate a date in the past that is nonsensical). Lastly, a check digit is a form of redundancy check used to detect errors in identification numbers, such as a barcode or account number, rather than verifying a value against a numerical range.