Which method involves solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts?

The method that involves solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts is computational thinking. This approach is essential in computer science and problem-solving as it encourages the division of complex problems into manageable sections. By doing so, individuals can focus on solving each smaller problem individually, which often makes the overall issue easier to tackle.

Computational thinking encompasses several techniques such as abstraction, pattern recognition, and decomposition. Decomposition, in particular, is the process of breaking down a problem into more straightforward, solvable tasks. During problem-solving, this method allows for a clear and organized way to approach an issue, leading more effectively toward a solution.

The other methods listed do not primarily focus on this breakdown of problems. Iterative thinking refers to repeatedly refining a solution based on testing and feedback. Debugging is specifically aimed at identifying and fixing errors in code. Flowcharting involves visually representing processes but does not inherently involve the analytical breakdown of problems into smaller parts.