Which programming language is commonly used to exploit databases?

The correct answer is SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language. SQL is specifically designed for managing and manipulating relational databases. It allows users to perform operations such as querying data, updating records, inserting new entries, and deleting existing information. This language provides a way to communicate with the database in order to retrieve or manage data effectively.

SQL is widely used in various database systems like MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, and Oracle. Its core functionality revolves around operations such as SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE, making it an essential tool for database exploitation and management.

The other options, while they are popular programming languages, do not serve the same specific purpose as SQL. Python, for example, is a general-purpose programming language that can be used for various applications, including database interactions, but it relies on SQL or libraries that implement SQL to interact with databases. Java and C++ are also versatile languages but are not inherently designed for direct database manipulation in the way SQL is. Their use in database operations typically involves additional frameworks or libraries that facilitate connections to a database using SQL commands.